IFNγR1 Dimeric Protein Enhances Receptor/Ligand Binding

Interferon Gamma Receptor 1 (IFNγR1) is a critical component of the immune system’s response to pathogens and cancer. This protein is essential for recognizing and responding to interferon-gamma (IFNγ), a cytokine with potent immunomodulatory and anti-microbial effects. The IFNγR1 subunit, together with IFNγR2, forms the interferon-gamma receptor complex, which plays a role in activating immune […]

CXCR4: A Critical Player in Cancer, Immunity, and Therapeutic Innovation

CXCR4, or C-X-C Chemokine Receptor Type 4, is a highly conserved G-protein-coupled receptor (GPCR) primarily involved in cellular migration, immune responses, and tissue repair. CXCR4 is one of the most studied chemokine receptors due to its role in various diseases, including cancer, liver disease, and HIV infection.1, 2 CXCR4’s primary ligand, CXCL12 (also known as […]

Leveraging Nature’s Blueprints for Breakthrough Bioactive Claudin Integral Membrane Proteins

Nature holds the blueprint for many of science’s most promising therapeutic solutions. At Conigen, we’ve harnessed these native designs to introduce our latest Claudin protein family (Claudin 3, Claudin 6, Claudin 9) of membrane proteins displayed on nanoparticles, and developed to reflect bioactive native conformations that drive innovation in cancer therapies and vaccine research. By […]

CD4: The Glycoprotein at the Heart of Immunity, HIV Research, and Clinical Advances

CD4, or “Cluster of Differentiation 4,” is a glycoprotein expressed on CD4+ T cells and also found on the surface of other immune cells such as macrophages and dendritic cells. It is crucial for adaptive immunity, particularly in antigen recognition and immune response coordination. CD4 functions as a coreceptor with the T-cell receptor (TCR), binding […]

Bioactive Nectin-4 Homodimer vs Monomer – Custom Bioengineering Capabilities

What is Nectin-4? Nectin-4, a homodimer, is overexpressed on various types of tumor cells including pancreatic cancers. It has been recently identified as a novel ligand of TIGIT and interaction between Nectin-4 and TIGIT inhibits NK cell cytotoxicity thus suppressing immune responses, allowing cancer cells to evade immune surveillance. Challenges of engineering conformationally stable bioactive […]